01 - Preheat oven to 350°F. Grease a 9x13-inch baking dish with butter or nonstick cooking spray.
02 - Scatter half of the cubed croissants evenly across the bottom of the prepared baking dish.
03 - In a medium bowl, beat together the softened cream cheese and granulated sugar until smooth and creamy. Add the eggs, whole milk, vanilla extract, and lemon zest, mixing until fully combined and no lumps remain.
04 - Place the blueberries in a small bowl and toss with the all-purpose flour until evenly coated, which prevents the berries from sinking during baking.
05 - Sprinkle half of the flour-coated blueberries over the first croissant layer. Pour half of the cream cheese mixture over the croissants and berries. Layer with the remaining croissant cubes and the rest of the blueberries, then pour the remaining cream cheese mixture on top. Press down gently to ensure the croissants absorb the custard.
06 - Allow the assembled casserole to rest for 10 minutes at room temperature so the croissants soak up the custard. Alternatively, cover and refrigerate overnight for a make-ahead option.
07 - Bake in the preheated oven for 35 to 40 minutes, until the center is set, the top is golden brown, and a knife inserted in the middle comes out clean.
08 - Let the casserole cool for 10 minutes. Dust generously with powdered sugar and serve warm alongside maple syrup or whipped cream if desired.